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Primary care management of risk of type 2 diabetes in women with a history of gestational diabetes 10.17863/CAM.65673 Dennison, Rebecca Griffin, Simon 0000000221574797 Usher-Smith, Juliet 0000000285012531 This thesis aims to inform strategies to improve care for mothers after a pregnancy affected by gestational diabetes (GD) in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) after delivery. Through a systematic review (including 129 studies of 310,214 women with GD, Study 1) and study-level meta-regression, I highlighted that a third of women developed T2D within 15 years of GD a pregnancy. Progression was higher in non-White European populations compared to other populations, and in those with higher BMI at follow-up. These findings emphasised the need for both sustained follow-up after GD through screening, and interventions to reduce modifiable risk factors. Currently, screening for T2D is recommended at six to 13 weeks after a GD pregnancy, then subsequently at regular intervals. Consistent with other studies, I identified that 25.4% patients (n=556) did not undergo a postpartum test at a local hospital between 2014 and 2017 (Study 2). It is also known that many mothers find it challenging to maintain a healthy lifestyle after a GD pregnancy, and do not make changes to their diet or activity levels to reduce their risk. To explore reasons for this, I conducted two qualitative systematic reviews and developed 30 recommendations to promote screening attendance, healthy diet and physical activity based on the findings (Studies 3 and 4). I then elicited an evaluation of these recommendations from 20 mothers with previous GD (Study 5), in addition to their own ideas for improving postpartum support. Lifestyle advice amid a busy schedule and tips for sustaining changes, along with flexibility in screening appointments and invitations, were welcomed. I have highlighted that women with GD are an easily-identifiable group at high risk of T2D, and there is a need for interventions to manage this risk. I have provided evidence to support and inform such interventions during pregnancy and postpartum, which could include feasible adaptation to current practice, to improve care. University of Cambridge 2020-09-01 Thesis Doctoral Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) eng This project is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research (SPCR; SPCR-S-S102). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/318560 https://apollo8-f-pro.lib.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/4983142b-409e-46e5-a209-3a0b44bf4cab/download b6247baf3d88b9e05393602f7e11106d https://apollo8-f-pro.lib.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/9023b38f-5386-426a-b863-f4bd1002dda6/download 353adac0d1ebdfd65ab16480263c3c87 https://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved/ Primary care Gestational diabetes Type 2 diabetes Prevention