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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RSFS</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">royfocus</journal-id><journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Interface Focus</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Interface Focus</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group>
<issn publication-format="electronic">2042-8901</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>The Royal Society</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1098/rsfs.2020.0057</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">rsfs20200057</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="discipline-codes">
<compound-subject>
<compound-subject-part content-type="code">1004</compound-subject-part>
</compound-subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="subject-codes">
<compound-subject>
<compound-subject-part content-type="code">181</compound-subject-part>
</compound-subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>ARTICLES</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="type-of-publication">
<subject>Review articles</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Tissue tectonics and the multi-scale regulation of developmental timing</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="short">Tissue tectonics and timing</alt-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><string-name name-style="western"><given-names>Lara</given-names> <surname>Busby</surname></string-name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1" /><x xml:space="preserve"> and </x></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-839X</contrib-id><string-name name-style="western"><given-names>Benjamin</given-names> <surname>Steventon</surname></string-name><email>bjs57@cam.ac.uk</email>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1" />
</contrib>
<aff id="af1"><addr-line>Department of Genetics, <institution>University of Cambridge</institution>, Cambridge CB2 3EH, <country>UK</country></addr-line></aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<fn fn-type="other"><p>One contribution of 7 to a theme issue ‘<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs/11/3">Interdisciplinary approaches to dynamics in biology</ext-link>’.</p></fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub"><day>16</day><month>4</month><year>2021</year><string-date>April 16, 2021</string-date></pub-date>
<pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection"><month>4</month><year>2021</year></pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<issue-title><named-content content-type="issue-type">Theme issue</named-content> ‘Interdisciplinary approaches to dynamics in biology’ <named-content content-type="editors">organized by Rubén Pérez-Carrasco and Berta Verd</named-content></issue-title>
<elocation-id>20200057</elocation-id>
<history>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>22</day><month>2</month><year>2021</year><string-date>February 22, 2021</string-date></date>
</history><permissions>
<copyright-statement>© 2021 The Authors.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><ali:license_ref specific-use="vor">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref><ali:license_ref specific-use="tdm">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref><license-p>Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="rsfs.2020.0057.pdf" />
<abstract>
<p>Development encompasses processes that occur at multiple length scales, including gene-regulatory interactions, cell movements and reorganization, cell signalling and growth. It is essential that the timing of events in all of these different processes is coordinated to generate well-patterned tissues and organs. However, how the timing of intrinsic cell state changes is coordinated with events occurring at the multi-tissue and whole-organism level is unknown. Here, we argue that an important mechanism that accounts for the integration of timing across levels of organization is provided by <italic toggle="yes">tissue tectonics</italic>, i.e. how morphogenetic events driving tissue shape changes result in the relative displacement of signalling and responding tissues and coordinate developmental timing across scales. In doing so, tissue tectonics provides a mechanism by which the cell specification events intrinsic to cells can be modulated by the temporal exposure to extracellular signals. This exposure is in turn regulated by higher-order properties of the embryo, such as their physical properties, rates of growth and the combination of dynamic cell behaviours, impacting tissue morphogenesis. Tissue tectonics creates a downward flow of information from higher to lower levels of biological organization, providing an instance of downward causation in development.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>developmental</kwd><x xml:space="preserve">, </x>
<kwd>timings</kwd><x xml:space="preserve">, </x>
<kwd>review</kwd><x xml:space="preserve">, </x>
<kwd>tissue</kwd><x xml:space="preserve">, </x>
<kwd>tectonics</kwd><x xml:space="preserve">, </x>
<kwd>multi-scale</kwd>
</kwd-group><funding-group specific-use="FundRef"><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution>Wellcome Trust</institution><institution-id>http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004440</institution-id></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>109408/Z/15/Z</award-id></award-group></funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</article>
