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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="doi">10.1002/(ISSN)1521-4095</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ADMA</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title xml:lang="en">Advanced Materials</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher" xml:lang="en">Adv. Mater.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn publication-format="ppub">0935-9648</issn>
<issn publication-format="epub">1521-4095</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1002/adma.202001613</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">ADMA202001613</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="overline" xml:lang="en">
<subject>Review</subject>
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<subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="en">
<subject>Reviews</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Beyond What Meets the Eye: Imaging and Imagining Wood Mechanical–Structural Properties</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib id="adma202001613-cr-0001" contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Toumpanaki</surname>
<given-names>Eleni</given-names>
</name>
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4208-3284</contrib-id>
<bio id="adma202001613-biog-0001">
<p xml:lang="en"><bold>Eleni Toumpanaki</bold> is a Lecturer in Civil Engineering at the University of Bristol. Her research work focuses on structural materials such as timber, concrete, and composites with an approach that ranges from nano‐ to building scale. She works on the optimized use of structural materials and how efficiently timber can be used to reduce the carbon footprint of infrastructure having as main drivers sustainability, durability, and resilience.</p>
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<alt-text>image</alt-text>
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</bio>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="adma202001613-aff-0001">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib id="adma202001613-cr-0002" contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Shah</surname>
<given-names>Darshil U.</given-names>
</name>
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8078-6802</contrib-id>
<bio id="adma202001613-biog-0002">
<p xml:lang="en"><bold>Darshil U. Shah</bold> is a Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in Materials at the University of Cambridge. At the Centre for Natural Material Innovation, he works with scientists across disciplines, understanding and developing bio‐based materials for various application sectors, including wind energy, construction, and transport. Three principal areas include applied research developing low‐embodied energy structural composites; fundamental research exploring natural materials and structures for bioinspiration; and a combined approach designing smart, functional biomaterials.</p>
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<alt-text>image</alt-text>
</graphic>
</bio>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="adma202001613-aff-0002">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib id="adma202001613-cr-0003" contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<name>
<surname>Eichhorn</surname>
<given-names>Stephen J.</given-names>
</name>
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4101-273X</contrib-id>
<bio id="adma202001613-biog-0003">
<p xml:lang="en"><bold>Stephen J. Eichhorn</bold> is in the Bristol Composites Institute at the University of Bristol. He specializes in the physical properties of cellulosic materials and composites and has published widely on the subject. His expertise lies in using characterization techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction, to aid understanding of cellulosic materials, including wood and other plants. From this understanding, he develops functional materials and composites.</p>
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<alt-text>image</alt-text>
</graphic>
</bio>
<email>s.j.eichhorn@bristol.ac.uk</email>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="correspondenceTo">*</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="adma202001613-aff-0001">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="adma202001613-aff-0001">
<label>
<sup>1</sup>
</label>

<named-content content-type="organisation-division">Bristol Composites Institute</named-content>

<named-content content-type="organisation-division">CAME School of Engineering</named-content>

<named-content content-type="organisation-division">University of Bristol</named-content>

<institution>University Walk</institution>

<city>Bristol</city>
 <postal-code>BS8 1TR</postal-code>
 <country country="GB">UK</country>

</aff>
<aff id="adma202001613-aff-0002">
<label>
<sup>2</sup>
</label>

<named-content content-type="organisation-division">Department of Architecture</named-content>

<named-content content-type="organisation-division">Centre for Natural Materials Innovation</named-content>

<institution>University of Cambridge</institution>

<city>Cambridge</city>
 <postal-code>CB2 1PX</postal-code>
 <country country="GB">UK</country>

</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="correspondenceTo"><label>*</label>

E‐mail: <email>s.j.eichhorn@bristol.ac.uk</email><break/></corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="print"><day>15</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date><volume>33</volume>
<issue seq="310">28</issue>
<issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1002/adma.v33.28</issue-id>
<issue-title content-type="special-issue-title">Wood Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies</issue-title>
<elocation-id>2001613</elocation-id>
<history>

<date date-type="rev-recd">
<day>12</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2020</year>
</date>

<date date-type="received">
<day>06</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</date>

</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement content-type="issue-copyright">© 2021 Wiley‐VCH GmbH</copyright-statement>
<copyright-statement content-type="article-copyright">© 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>© 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH</copyright-holder>
<license>
<ali:license_ref>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
<license-p>This is an open access article under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution</ext-link> License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="main">
<title>Abstract</title>
<p xml:lang="en">Wood presents a hierarchical structure, containing features at all length scales: from the tracheids or vessels that make up its cellular structure, through to the microfibrils within the cell walls, down to the molecular architecture of the cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses that comprise its chemical makeup. This structure renders it with high mechanical (e.g., modulus and strength) and interesting physical (e.g., optical) properties. A better understanding of this structure, and how it plays a role in governing mechanical and other physical parameters, will help to better exploit this sustainable resource. Here, recent developments on the use of advanced imaging techniques for studying the structural properties of wood in relation to its mechanical properties are explored. The focus is on synchrotron nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray tomographical imaging, Raman and infrared spectroscopies, confocal microscopy, electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Critical discussion on the role of imaging techniques and how fields are developing rapidly to incorporate both spatial and temporal ranges of analysis is presented.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-generated" xml:lang="en">
<kwd id="adma202001613-kwd-0001">diffraction</kwd>
<kwd id="adma202001613-kwd-0002">imaging</kwd>
<kwd id="adma202001613-kwd-0003">spectroscopy</kwd>
<kwd id="adma202001613-kwd-0004">structure–property relationships</kwd>
<kwd id="adma202001613-kwd-0005">wood</kwd>
</kwd-group>
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<fig-count count="13"/>
<table-count count="0"/>
<page-count count="22"/>
<word-count count="17426"/>
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</front>
</article>