10.1111/(ISSN)1398-9995 ALL Allergy Allergy 0105-4538 1398-9995 10.1111/all.15152 ALL15152 LETTER LETTERS Determinants of expression of SARS‐CoV‐2 entry‐related genes in upper and lower airways Aliee Hananeh ¹ Massip Florian ² Qi Cancan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3825-5802 ^{3 4} Stella de Biase Maria ² van Nijnatten Jos ^{3 5 6} Kersten Elin T. G. ^{3 4} Kermani Nazanin Z. ⁷ Khuder Basil ⁸ Vonk Judith M. ^{3 9} Vermeulen Roel C. H. ^{10 11} U‐BIOPRED study group Cambridge Lung Cancer Early Detection Programme INER‐Ciencias Mexican Lung Program Neighbors Margaret ¹² Tew Gaik W. ¹³ Grimbaldeston Michele A. ¹² ten Hacken Nick H. T. ⁵ Hu Sile ¹⁴ Guo Yike ⁷ Zhang Xiaoyu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6033-0525 ⁷ Sun Kai ⁷ Hiemstra Pieter S. ¹⁵ Ponder Bruce A. ^{16 17} Mäkelä Mika J. ¹⁸ Malmström Kristiina ¹⁸ Rintoul Robert C ^{17 19} Reyfman Paul A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6435-6001 ⁸ Theis Fabian J. ^{1 20} Brandsma Corry‐Anke ^{3 21} Adcock Ian M. ²² Timens Wim ^{3 21} Xu Cheng‐Jian ^{23 24 25} van den Berge Maarten ^{3 5} Schwarz Roland F. ² Koppelman Gerard H. ^{3 4} Nawijn M.C. ^{3 21} Faiz Alen alen.faiz@uts.edu.au * ^{3 5 6 1} Institute of Computational Biology Helmholtz Centre Munich Germany ² Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany ³ University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD Groningen the Netherlands ⁴ Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Beatrix Children’s Hospital Groningen the Netherlands ⁵ Department of Pulmonary Diseases University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen the Netherlands ⁶ Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology (RBMB) School of Life Sciences University of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia ⁷ Department of computing Data Science Institute Imperial College London London UK ⁸ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA ⁹ Department of Epidemiology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands ¹⁰ Julius Global Health Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands ¹¹ Division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI) Institute for Risk Assessment Science (IRAS) Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands ¹² OMNI Biomarker Development Genentech Inc. South San Francisco California USA ¹³ Product Development Immunology Infectious Disease & Opthalmology Genentech Inc. South San Francisco California USA ¹⁴ Department of statistics University of Oxford Oxford UK ¹⁵ Department of Pulmonology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands ¹⁶ Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UK ¹⁷ Department of Oncology University of Cambridge Hutchison/MRC Research Centre Cambridge UK ¹⁸ Department of Allergy University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland ¹⁹ Royal Papworth Hospital Cambridge UK ²⁰ Department of Mathematics Technical University of Munich Munich Germany ²¹ Department of Pathology and Medical Biology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands ²² National Heart and Lung Institute London UK ²³ Research group Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine CiiM Hannover Medical School Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research Hannover Germany ²⁴ Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research Hannover Medical School Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research Hannover Germany ²⁵ Department of Internal Medicine Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands * Correspondence Alen Faiz, School of Life Sciences, Building 4, Room 04.07.418, University of Technology Sydney, Thomas St, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia. Email: alen.faiz@uts.edu.au 03 11 2021 19 09 2021 09 08 2021 04 10 2021 © 2021 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S © 2021 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2021 © 2021 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. Chan Zuckerberg Initiative European Union's H2020 Research and Innovation Program 874656 Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint 115010 European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007‐2013 Longfonds Junior Fellowship Helmholtz Association NIH K08HL146943 Parker B. Francis Fellowship ATS Foundation/Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc. Research Fellowship Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Cambridge Bioresource The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research The Netherlands Lung Foundation AF 4.1.14.001 The Netherlands Ministry of Spatial Planning, Housing, and the Environment The Netherlands Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sport China Scholarship Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004543