Fitzwilliam Museum MS 229 University Library

Zooming image © Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge.

 Images made available for download are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License (CC BY-NC 3.0) This metadata is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. University of Cambridge Fitzwilliam Museum Fitzwilliam Museum MS 229 Diktyon 11852 This manuscript is a composite of components produced separately by various copyists at dates ranging from the mid-14th to early 15th century, containing works of Demosthenes and other rhetorical and miscellaneous texts. The bulk of the manuscript is composed of orations by the 4th-century BCE Athenian orator Demosthenes, and there are various prefaces, scholia and excerpts of commentary on his works by authors including the 4th-century CE rhetorician Libanios, as well as other brief texts and excerpts on rhetoric. Besides its rhetorical content, the manuscript contains a wide range of other short texts, including letters, formulae for letters and for legal procedures, primarily regarding divorce, calendrical tables, medical and magical remedies, and religious texts, among them an anathema pronounced against the defeated side in the 14th-century controversy over the meditative practice of Hesychasm and the related theological views of Gregory Palamas. The manuscript retains a binding in the Greek style, which may well be the original one from the time when its various components were first bound together into a single volume. Dr Christopher Wright Greek Codex 333 223 150 The manuscript is paginated with the numbers [1-2], 3-50, 50b, [50c], 51-339, [340], [340a-340b], 341-399, [400], [400a-400b], 401-444, 446-656, [657-658], in Arabic numerals, in black ink, recto, upper right. Part I consists of one quire (Quire 1), Part II of seven (Quires 2-8), Part III of thirty (Quires 9-38) and Part IV of four (Quires 39-42): 1-38, 48-1, 5-78, 86, 910-1, 10-238, 244, 25-388, 3910, 408, 416, 4212-2. Most of pp. 1-2 has been torn away. There is significant pest damage in places (e.g. pp. 311-346, 369-440, 535-574) and significant losses from the edges of pp. 365-382, 119-122 and 653-658, at least some of which are due to pest damage, while such damage in the gutter has left pp. 629-658 loosely attached. There is some wear and tear to edges elsewhere. Damage to the edges of some other folios has been repaired with Japanese paper. There are occasional small holes from other causes. There is water staining, which has caused softening of some folios, mould staining and areas of dirt.

Late medieval Greek binding, with the textblock cut level to the edges of the bookboards.

There are four sewing stations prepared with V-notches.

The sewing is an unsupported loop-stitch.

Greek-style endbands with a natural coloured thread. The endbands extend approximately one quarter of the way onto the boards. Where they extend onto each board they are tied down to two holes that extend through the board from the inner face to the outer face.

The headband holds page-markers made of thread closed between pp. 190 and 191, and between pp. 278 and 279. The former holds one natural coloured thread, the latter two threads, one natural coloured and one yellow.

There is a transverse continuous spine lining.

No endleaves are present.

The board attachment is bridling.

The boards are wooden, with grooved edges, shaped to a gentle cushion at the outer spine edge. The left board seems to have been reused, as indicated by the presence of multiple unused lacing holes.

Full brown leather covering, decorated with blind tooling on both boards. Around the left board there are two borders, the outer containing medallions with animal designs and the inner containing interlace ornament. Within these borders is a diamond pattern formed by intersecting double fillets, with circles where the lines intersect. In the spaces between the lines of this pattern are medallions containing winged beasts. Around the right board is a single border containing small circles and medallions with winged beasts. Within the border is a diamond design formed by intersecting double fillets, with circles where the lines intersect. In the spaces between the lines of this pattern are medallions containing winged beasts, smaller medallions containing animals, small circles and almond shapes.

Four sets of three holes through the right board are evidence of previous straps. There are four holes in the edges of the left board where catches for the straps would have been located.

There are nine holes in each board, with indentations around them indicating the former presence on each of nine small circular bosses. Two of these holes in the left board and two of those in the right board retain metal pins.

237 152 90

There is pest damage to both boards, substantial to the left board. The leather cover is fragile and damage to the cover at the head and tail of the spine has been repaired with leather patches. There is a small split in the left outer joint.

Parchment manuscript waste with Greek text has been used to form a wrapper around Quire 14 (pp. 201-216).

A note on the origins and content of the manuscript is pasted inside the left board.

Small fragments of paper from the manuscript are housed along with it.

 Given to the Fitzwilliam Museum by the Rev R. E. Kerrich Kerrich, R. E. in 1879.

A descriptive catalogue of the manuscripts in the Fitzwilliam Museum M R James (Montague Rhodes) Cambridge University Press 1895 Libanii opera / recensuit Richardus Foerster. Vol. VIII, Progymnasmata ; Argumenta orationum demosthenicarum. R707.1 Libanius contributor Richard Foerster Lipsiae Teubner 1915 Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana «Da Ilio il vento mi spinse e portò verso i Ciconi». Una nuova edizione dell’epistola di Basilio Pediadita a Costantino Stilbes G. Strano Νέα Ῥώμη. Rivista di Studi Bizantinistici 13 263-275 2016 Part I pp. 3-7, line 20 Basil Pediadites Dialogue Defective at the beginning p. 3 εικέμενοι νοσεῖν, καὶ κατὰ τοὺς ὑδροωπι[..]ας τὴν γαστέρα πεφύσσηται p. 7, line 20-p. 9, line 21 Basil Pediadites Letter p. 7 Τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἐπιστολὴ, ἔχουσα καὶ ἔκφρασιν ἁλώσεως ἀκανθέδων p. 7 Αἰχμαλώτους σοι, τούτους πέμπτω στρουθοὺς p. 9, line 22-p. 10, line 30 Basil Pediadites Letter to Konstantinos Stilbes p. 9 Τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἐπιστολὴ πρὸς τὸν διδάσκαλον κύριον Κωνσταντίνον τὸν Στιλβὴν+ ἀρχιερατεύσαντος, τοῦ Πεδιαδίτου, ὅτε ταύτην ἔπεμψε πρὸς αὐτὸν Στίλβην p. 9 Τιμιώτατε πάντων ἐμοὶ δέσποτα· δεύτερον τοῦτο ἤδη, τὸν ζωηφόρον ὁ ἥλιος διεμέτρησεν Ed. Spyridon Lampros, Κερκυραϊκὰ ἀνέκδοτα (Athens 1882), pp. 42-49 p. 10, line 31-p. 13, line 17 Ioannes Mauropous (c. 990-c. 1092) Epistulae Letters 1, 6, 2 TLG 2709.001 p. 13, line 17-p. 14 Ioannes of Nomikopolis Letter p. 13 Ἐπιστολὴ τοῦ τοῦ Νομικοπόλεως κυρίου Ἰωάννου ἔχουσα ἔκφρασιν, Αἰθίοπος καὶ ἴππου, πάνυ ταλαιπορημένου, ἐν ὧ ἐπωχεῖτο ὁ Αἰθίοψ p. 13 Ἰδοὺ δεύτερον γράμμα, ἀναλεὸν πάντη καὶ λιβάδος ἑρμαϊκῆς ἀμοιροῦν pp. 1-14 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Bell ( c. 60 43 ) in the gutter, , similar to Briquet 4033-4034. These examples are dated to 1387-1413.

This part consists of a single quire, a quaternion.

Quire 18-1 pp. 1-14 The first folio has been lost, with loss of text.

pp. 1-14 A single column of 29-39 lines. 169-177 100-105

p. 1-14 were copied by Hand A in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. There is decorative use of the double dot. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The modern modern nu and sigma telikon are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas, question mark, full stop and a two-dot colon used as a strong normal punctuation mark.

 Sections begin with minor initials in red ink. This part was probably copied in the last quarter of the 14th century or first quarter of the 15th, as indicated by the watermarks. This is consistent with the style of script. Part II pp. 15-46 Libanios (314-393) Orationes Oration 62 Defective at the end: ends ed. Foerster, section 38, line 5 τοὺς ἡμῖν ἐχθρῶς ἔχοντας, φθόνω τοῦτο TLG 2200.004 pp. 47-50, line 17 Commentarii in librum Περὶ εὑρέσεως Excerpt: ed. Waltz, vol. 7, pp. 697-713 TLG 5024.019 p. 50, line 18-p. [50c] Recipes for medicines p. 50 Εἰς πόνον ὀδόντως· σικαμνιναίας φλούδε pp. 51-57, line 20 Commentary on Hermogenes, Περὶ στάσεων Excerpt: section9 p. 51 Περὶ ῥητοῦ καὶ διανοίας p. 51 Δυοῖν ἄκρων ἐν ταῖς στάσεσιν ὑποκειμένων καὶ τῆς ἐξ αμφοῖν μεσότητος The commentary occupies the whole of pp. 51-52 and surrounds the text of Hermogenes on pp. 53-57 pp. 53-57 Hermogenes On Issues Περὶ στάσεων Excerpt: section 9 TLG 0592.002 p. 57, line 21-p. 58 Address formulae p. 57 Ἄνθρωπε τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐνδοξότατε καὶ περιφανέστατε pp. 59-82, line 24 Scholia Demosthenica Excerpts TLG 5017.001 p. 82, line 25-p. 114, line 6 Libanios (314-393) Argumenta orationum Demosthenicarum To orations 5-57 TLG 2200.007 p. 114, line 6-p. 115, line 11 List of the orations of Demosthenes p. 115 Αμήν+ Χριστί μου καὶ τῆς ἀναγνώσεως πέρας δεῖξον ἅμα τῆς ὠφελίας αὐτῆς p. 115, line 11-p. 118 Anathema against the anti-Hesychasts p. 115 Βαρλαὰμ καὶ Ἀκινδύνω καὶ τοῖς ὁπαδοῖς καὶ διαδόχοις αὐτῶν, ἀνάθεμα: τρία p. 115 Τοῖς φρονοῦσι καὶ λέγουσι, τὸ λανψαν ἀπὸ τοῦ Κυρίου ἐπὶ τῆς θείας αὐτοῦ μεταμορφώσεως φῶς pp. 15-30 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Lion ( c. 100 46 ) in the gutter, , similar to WZMA 3697, 3700, 5199-5200, 5308-5311. These examples are dated to 1381-1390. pp. 31-46 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Trident ( c. 80 26 ) in the gutter, , similar to Briquet 15982. This example is dated to 1360-1379. pp. 47-118 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Horn ( c. 75 55 ) in the gutter, , simlar to Likhachev 788-789. These examples are dated to 1372.

This part consists of eight quires, of which one is a ternion and the rest are quaternia.

Quires 2-38 pp. 15-46 Quire 48-1 pp. 47-58 The fourth folio has been cancelled, without loss of text. Quires 5-78 pp. 59-106 Quire 86 pp. 107-118

There are quire signatures in Greek numerals, in brown ink, on the first folio of each quire, recto, lower centre, and occasionally also on the last folio of each quire, verso, lower centre. They begin a new sequence, with Quire 2 as number 1. Quires 4-5 are treated as a single 15-folio quire by the signatures, but this clearly does not reflect the current physical structure, as indicated by the visible stitching. Signatures survive on Quires 2-8 (αʹ-ϛʹ). pp. 15-46 A single column of 27 lines. 151 95 pp. 47-52 A single column of 25-33 lines. 161-175 107-120 pp. 47-52 Main text in a single column of 8-15 short lines, surrounded in the upper, lower and outer margins by 30-32 lines of commentary. 185-190 120

pp. 15-46 were copied by Hand B in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. There is decorative use of the double dot. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The modern nu and sigma telikon are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas, question mark and full stop.

pp. 47-57, line 20 were copied by Hand C in mixed minuscule script with variable slant, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is subscript or absent. There is decorative use of the double dot. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The modern nu and sigma telikon are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas, question mark, full stop and two-dot colon used as a strong normal punctuation mark.

p. 57, line 21-p. 58 were copied by Hand D in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in black ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. There is decorative use of the double dot and accentuation of all nomina sacra. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The sigma telikon is present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas, question mark and full stop.

pp. 59-118 were copied by Hand E in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in black ink, with modest variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. There is decorative use of the double dot and accentuation of all nomina sacra. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings, abbreviations and nomina sacra strokes.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas, question mark and full stop.

 This part was probably copied in the last quarter of the 14th century, as indicated by the watermarks. This is consistent with the style of script. Part III pp. 119-122 Libanios Argumenta orationum Demosthenicarum Preface TLG 2200.007 pp. 122-124 Libanios Argumenta orationum Demosthenicarum Oration 1 TLG 2200.007 pp. 124-132 Demosthenes Olynthiaca 1 TLG 0014.001 pp. 132-141 Demosthenes Olynthiaca 2 TLG 0014.002 pp. 132-153 Demosthenes Olynthiaca 3 TLG 0014.003 pp. 153-154 Libanios Argumenta orationum Demosthenicarum Oration 4 TLG 2200.007 pp. 154-171 Demosthenes Philippica 1 TLG 0014.004 pp. 124-130 Demosthenes De pace TLG 0014.005 pp. 179-190 Demosthenes Philippica 2 TLG 0014.006 pp. 190-204 Demosthenes De Halonneso TLG 0014.007 pp. 204-226 Demosthenes De Chersoneso TLG 0014.008 pp. 226-244 Demosthenes Philippica 3 TLG 0014.009 pp. 244-271 Demosthenes Philippica 4 TLG 0014.010 pp. 271-278 Demosthenes In epistulam Philippi TLG 0014.011 pp. 278-286 Demosthenes Philippi epistula TLG 0014.012 pp. 286-298 Demosthenes Περὶ συντάξεως TLG 0014.013 pp. 298-311 Demosthenes Περὶ τῶν συμμοριῶν TLG 0014.014 pp. 311-321 Demosthenes Pro Megalopolitanis TLG 0014.016 pp. 321-332 Demosthenes De Rhodiorum libertate TLG 0014.015 pp. 332-340 Demosthenes Περὶ τῶν πρὸς Ἀλέξανδρον συνθηκῶν TLG 0014.017 pp. 340-367 Demosthenes Adversus Androtionem TLG 0014.022 pp. 367-477 Demosthenes De corona TLG 0014.018 pp. 477-590, line 10 Demosthenes De falsa legatione TLG 0014.019 p. 590, lines 11-26 Excerpt on Christ p. 590 Λόγοι, ὄντως ὡραῖοι· πῶς λέγηται ὁ σώτηρ, λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρὸς pp. 119-122, 133-136, 511-512, 517-520, 525-526, 543-574 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Bell ( c. 65 35 ) in the gutter, similar in form to Briquet 3940, but larger. This example is dated to 1355. pp. 123-132, 153-156, 165-168 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Fruit ( 107 60 ) in the gutter, similar in form to Briquet 7416-7417, but larger. These examples are dated to 1345-1351. pp. 137-152, 157-164, 184-248, 367-382 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Flail ( c. 75 41 ) in the gutter, similar to Briquet 6173. This example is dated to 1321-1350. pp. 249-264, 383-510 Western paper, folded in quarto. No visible watermarks. pp. 265-366 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Sword ( c. 45 12 ) in the gutter, similar to Briquet 5106. This example is dated to 1320. pp. 513-516, 521-524 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Bull's head ( c. 40 28 ) in the gutter. pp. 527-542 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Bell ( c. 55 35 ) in the gutter, comparable but not identical to Briquet 3926. This example is dated to 1338-1343. pp. 575-576, 589-590 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Fruit ( c. 110 56 ) in the gutter, similar to Briquet 7375. This example is dated to 1353-1357. pp. 577-590 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Unidentified motif ( c. 55 28 ) in the gutter.

This part consists of thirty quires, of which one is a binion, one a quinion and the rest are quaternia.

Quire 910-1 pp. 119-136 The third folio has been cancelled, without loss of text. Quires 10-238 pp. 137-358 Quire 244 pp. 359-366 Quires 25-388 pp. 367-590

There are quire signatures in Greek numerals, in brown ink, on the first folio of each quire, recto, lower right, and on the last folio of each quire, verso, lower left or lower centre. They begin a new sequence, with Quire 9 as number 1. Some have been lost to cropping or damage. They survive on Quires 9-38 (αʹ-ʹ). pp. 119-590 A single column of 24-31 lines. 15 100

pp. 119-138 were copied by Hand F in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. There is decorative use of the double dot. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The sigma telikon is present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower comma, question mark and full stop.

pp. 139-422, 505-510 were copied by Hand G in mixed minuscule script with variable slant, in black and brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. There is decorative use of the double dot. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The sigma telikon is present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas, question mark and full stop.

pp. 423-504, 511-567 were copied by Hand H in an inelegant mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size and some flourishing of tails into the margins.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. There is decorative use of the double dot. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The modern nu and sigma telikon are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas, question mark and full stop.

pp. 568-590, line 10 were copied by Hand I in mixed minuscule script with variable slant, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is subscript or absent. Use of the double dot is functional only. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The modern eta and modern nu are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas, question mark and full stop.

p. 590, lines 11-26 were copied by Hand J in mixed minuscule script with variable slant, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. Accents are sometimes joined to breathings, abbreviations and nomina sacra strokes.

The modern eta, modern nu and sigma telikon are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower comma and full stop.

 This part was probably copied in the second quarter of the 14th century, as indicated by the watermarks. This is consistent with the style of script. Part IV pp. 591-627 Demosthenes Adversus Leptinem TLG 0014.020 pp. 628-630, line 9 Troilus Sidonius Prolegomena in Hermogenis artem rhetoricam Excerpt: ed. Walz, vol. 6, pp. 52-55 p. 628 Ῥητορική ἐστι τέχνη· πρὸς λόγου δύναμιν· καὶ πράγματι πολιτικοῦ TLG 2127.001 p. 630, lines 10-30, p. 631, line 1 Phoibammon De figuris Excerpt: ed. Walz, pp. 52-54 p. 630 Ὅτι χρήσιμός ἐστιν ἡ περὶ τούτων γνῶσις TLG 2596.001 p. 630, lines 31-35 Sample of a letter of clemency p. 630 Γράμμα συγγνώμης p. 630 Καὶ συγγνώμην αἰτήσαντι, δεδώκαμεν συνωδικῶς ὡς ἀφήλικι τῶ υἱῶ A duplicate of the text on p. 638, lines 1-8 pp. 631-637, line 25 Easter table for the years 1393/4-1491/2 (6902-7000 AM) p. 637 Τέλος τῶν ἑπτά αἰώνων p. 637, lines 25-32 Prayer for the reconciliation of estranged couples p. 637 Εὐχὴ εἰς ἕνωσιν αὖθις τοῦ διαλυώντος ἀνδρογύνου καὶ ἑνωθέντας p. 637 Δέσποτα Κύριε Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν· ὁ τὸ μησίτοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ διαλύσας p. 638, lines 1-8 Sample of a letter of clemency p. 638 Συγγνώμην αἰτήσαντι, δεδώκαμεν συνωδικῶς ὡς ἀφήλικι τῶ υἱῶ A duplicate of the text on p. 630, lines 31-35 p. 638, lines 9-22 On the Pauline Epistles p. 638 Παῦλος ὁ μέγας τοῦ Κυρίου ἀπόστολος, συστατικαῖς ἐπιστολαῖς, τοὺς ἱερομένους ἐφοδιάζειν βούληται p. 639 Lunar table for the year 6900 AM (1391/2 CE) p. 640 Magical remedies for various injuries p. 640 Εἰς ἄνθρωπον δακνόμενον ὑπὸ τῆς ὄφεος+ Τὸ σημεῖον τοῦτο ὅπερ θεωρεῖς pp. 641-645 Sample letter formulae p. 641 Παραδοτικὸν ἐκκλησίαν πρὸς ἱερέαν: Ἡ ταπεινότας ἡμῶν παραδηλοῖ διὰ τοῦ πάροτνος ἀυτῆς γράμματος pp. 646, lines 1-7 Chronology and physical description of Jesus pp. 646 Μηνὶ Μαρτίῳ κεʹ ἰνδικτιῶνος αʹ, ἔτους ͵εφʹ, συνελήφθη ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς p. 646, lines 7-26 Oracula sibyllina Excerpt: section 8 TLG 1551.001 p. 646, line 26-p. 647, line 4 Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 260-c. 340) Constantini imperatoris oratio ad coetum sanctorum Excerpt: Chapter 18, section 2 p. 646 Αὕτη ἡ Ἐρυθραῖα Σιβύλλα, ἕκτη ἐστὶ μετὰ τὸν κατακλυσμὸν TLG 2018.021 p. 647, lines 5-9 Nikephoros Blemmydes (1197-1272) Regia statua Brief excerpts from chapters 7, 83, 206 p. 647 Βασιλεία μὲν, εἰκονίζει κράτος Θεοῦ· φιλοσοφία δὲ, σοφίαν καὶ πρόνοιαν Θεοῦ p. 647 κἂν μυρίοι καθυλακτοῖεν διακονῆς TLG 3092.003 p. 647, lines 9-31 Excerpt from a religious text p. 647 Τριστάταο λέγονται, ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ τρεῖς ἐστηκέναι τῶ ἅρματι pp. 648-652 Formulae for divorce etc p. 655 Ἐπειδὴ οἱ θεῖοι καὶ φιλευσεβεὶς νόμοι διαγορεύουσιν p. 653 Table for calculating the date of Easter pp. 654-655, line 14 Notes on solar and lunar cycles p. 654 Τὰ τῶν ιβʹ μ[..]στώδια εἰσὶ αὐτα p. 655, line 15-p. 656, line 5 Formulae for divorce etc p. 655 Ἐπειδὴ οἱ θεῖοι καὶ φιλευσεβεὶς νόμοι p. 657, line 6-p. 658, line 7 Sample of a letter of clemency p. 657 Ἐπειδὴ κατὰ τὴν τῶν θείων καὶ φιλευσεβῶν νόμων p. 658 Brief notes p. 658 Ὅλως ὑπάρχει ὁ φιλόσοφος, ἐρωτηθεὶς, τί ἐστι πονηρὰ pp. 591-638 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Horn ( c. 75 55 ) in the gutter, , simlar to Likhachev 788-789. These examples are dated to 1372. pp. 639-658 Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Bell ( c. 55 38 ) in the gutter, , similar to Briquet 4033. These examples are dated to 1387-1397.

This part consists of four quires, of which one is a ternion, one a quaternion, one is a quinion, and one was of twelve folios.

Quire 3910 pp. 591-610 Quire 408 pp. 611-626 Quire 416 pp. 627-638 Quire 4212-2 pp. 639-[658] The last two folios have been cancelled, without loss of text.

pp. 591-630 A single column of 30-33 lines. 161-173 100 pp. 631-658 A single column of 23-34 lines. 171-193 110-120

pp. 591-627 were copied by Hand K in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The modern nu is present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower comma and full stop.

pp. 628-630 were copied by Hand L in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The modern eta, modern nu and sigma telikon are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas, full stop and a two-dot colon used as a strong normal punctuation mark.

p. 631 was copied by Hand M in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with significant variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. Accents are sometimes joined to letters and abbreviations.

The modern nu is present.

Punctuation used includes the full stop.

pp. 632-637, line 25 were copied by Hand N in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings and abbreviations.

The modern eta and modern nu are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas and full stop.

p. 637, lines 26-33 were copied by Hand O in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in black ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. There is decorative use of the double dot and accentuation of all nomina sacra. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings, abbreviations and nomina sacra strokes.

The modern eta and sigma telikon are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas and full stop.

pp. 638-657 were copied by Hand P in mixed minuscule script, slanting to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is subscript. There is decorative use of the double dot and accentuation of all nomina sacra. Accents are sometimes joined to letters, breathings, abbreviations and nomina sacra strokes.

The modern eta, modern nu and sigma telikon are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower and middle commas and full stop.

p. 658, lines 1-7 were copied by Hand Q in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round. Accents are sometimes joined to letters.

The sigma telikon is present.

Punctuation used includes the middle point, lower comma and full stop.

p. 658, lines 8-10 were copied by Hand R in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with moderate variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations appear throughout the line. Breathings are round. Accents are sometimes joined to breathings, abbreviations and nomina sacra strokes.

The modern eta, modern nu are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points and full stop.

p. 658, lines 11-14 were copied by Hand Q in mixed minuscule script, slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with little variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round. Accents are sometimes joined to breathings and abbreviations.

The modern eta, modern nu and sigma telikon are present.

Punctuation used includes the middle point, lower and middle commas and full stop.

 Sections occasionally begin with minor initials in brown ink. This part was probably copied in the last quarter of the 14th century, as indicated by the watermarks. This is consistent with the style of script. Library of Congress Subject Headings Rhetoric, Ancient Theology Christopher Wright