
<!DOCTYPE article
  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="en"><front xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:c="http://ns.iop.org/namespaces/content" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:m="http://ns.iop.org/namespaces/meta"><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sust</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="coden">SUSTEF</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Superconductor Science and Technology</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="IOP" xml:lang="en">SUST</abbrev-journal-title><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher" xml:lang="en">Supercond. Sci. Technol.</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0953-2048</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1361-6668</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IOP Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">sustabe18d</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1088/1361-6668/abe18d</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">abe18d</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">SUST-104261.R1</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="display-article-type"><subject>Paper</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Strong pinning at high growth rates in rare earth barium cuprate (REBCO) superconductor films grown with liquid-assisted processing (LAP) during pulsed laser deposition</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes" xlink:type="simple"><contrib-id authenticated="false" contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5222-7034</contrib-id><name name-style="western"><surname>Feighan</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="affiliation01">1</xref><email>jpff2@cam.ac.uk</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lai</surname><given-names>M H</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="affiliation01">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kursumovic</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="affiliation01">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="affiliation02">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no" xlink:type="simple"><contrib-id authenticated="false" contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7397-1209</contrib-id><name name-style="western"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>H</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="affiliation02">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>J H</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="affiliation03">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Moon</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="affiliation03">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no" xlink:type="simple"><contrib-id authenticated="false" contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4987-6620</contrib-id><name name-style="western"><surname>MacManus-Driscoll</surname><given-names>J L</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="affiliation01">1</xref></contrib><aff id="affiliation01">
               <label>1</label>
 Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, <institution xlink:type="simple">University of Cambridge</institution>, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, <country>United Kingdom</country>
            </aff><aff id="affiliation02">
               <label>2</label>
               <institution xlink:type="simple">School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University</institution>, 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2045, <country>United States of America</country>
            </aff><aff id="affiliation03">
               <label>3</label>
               <institution xlink:type="simple">SuNAM</institution>, 52 Seungnyang-gil, Wongok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17554, <country>Republic of Korea</country>
            </aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>4</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>2</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="open-access"><day>25</day><month>2</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id content-type="artnum">045012</elocation-id><supplementary-material content-type="suppdata" orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:type="simple"/><history><date date-type="received"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="revised"><day>15</day><month>1</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>29</day><month>1</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="oa-requested"><day>29</day><month>1</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><license license-type="cc-by" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>
                  <graphic content-type="print" orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="https://cfn-live-content-bucket-iop-org.s3.amazonaws.com/journals/0953-2048/34/4/045012/2/sustabe18dlicense.eps?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAYDKQL6LTV7YY2HIK&amp;Expires=1615460090&amp;Signature=yAzkgGO7qS93xRJy1FM5qdB3bPI%3D" xlink:type="simple"/>
                  <graphic content-type="online" orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="https://cfn-live-content-bucket-iop-org.s3.amazonaws.com/journals/0953-2048/34/4/045012/2/sustabe18dlicense.gif?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAYDKQL6LTV7YY2HIK&amp;Expires=1615460090&amp;Signature=C5uI6oqe1%2FhFMkJervMw5TKK4SY%3D" xlink:type="simple"/>
Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license</ext-link>. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://cfn-live-content-bucket-iop-org.s3.amazonaws.com/journals/0953-2048/34/4/045012/2/sust_34_4_045012.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAYDKQL6LTV7YY2HIK&amp;Expires=1615460090&amp;Signature=ac4nigf09Tt4pswa38OIyv6Kcbc%3D" xlink:type="simple"/><abstract><title>Abstract</title><p>We present a simple liquid-assisted processing (LAP) method, to be used <italic toggle="yes">in situ</italic> during pulsed laser deposition growth to give both rapid growth rates (50 Hz deposition leading to &gt;250 nm min<sup>−1</sup> with a single plume) and strong pinning (improved ×5–10 at 30 K and below, over plain standard YBCO films grown at similar rates). Achieving these two important features <italic toggle="yes">simultaneously</italic> has been a serious bottleneck to date and yet for applications, it is critical to overcome it. The new LAP method uses a non-stoichiometric target composition, giving rise to a small volume fraction of liquid phase during film growth. LAP enhances the kinetics of the film growth so that good crystalline perfection can be achieved at up to 60× faster growth rates than normal, while also enabling artificial pinning centres to be self-assembled into fine nanocolumns. In addition, LAP allows for RE mixing (80% of Y with 20% of Yb, Sm, or Yb + Sm), creating effective point-like disorder pinning centres within the rare earth barium cuprate lattice. Overall, LAP is a simple method for use in pulsed laser deposition, and it can also be adopted by other <italic toggle="yes">in situ</italic> physical or vapour deposition methods (i.e. MOCVD, evaporation, etc) to significantly enhance both growth rate and performance.</p></abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>pinning</kwd><kwd>liquid-assisted</kwd><kwd>REBCO</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group xlink:type="simple"><funding-source xlink:type="simple">Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council<named-content content-type="funder-id" xlink:type="simple">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266</named-content>
               </funding-source><award-id>EP/N509620/1</award-id></award-group><award-group xlink:type="simple"><funding-source xlink:type="simple">Henry Royce Institute Equipment Grant</funding-source><award-id>EP/P024947/1 </award-id></award-group><award-group xlink:type="simple"><funding-source xlink:type="simple">SuNAM Co. Ltd.</funding-source></award-group></funding-group><counts><page-count count="10"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta xlink:type="simple"><meta-name>ccc</meta-name><meta-value>1361-6668/21/045012+10$33.00</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta xlink:type="simple"><meta-name>printed</meta-name><meta-value>Printed in the UK</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta xlink:type="simple"><meta-name>crossmark</meta-name><meta-value>yes</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></article>